Document #1 – 500 words
Refrigeration Warehouse: A refrigerated warehouse has a total of 59 employees and a refrigeration system that uses Anhydrous Ammonia (NH3) as a refrigerant. The system has an NH3 capacity of 17,000 pounds. This scenario is fairly simple in that the processes involved do not include chemical reactions. NH3 is basically compressed and allowed to return to the gaseous phase, and then the process starts all over again. Changing to the gaseous phase will result in a decrease in temperature due to the gas laws. These systems are closed systems; that is, the NH3 stays within the system and is not released to the outside. The cooled refrigerant runs through coils, and air is forced to blow through the coils. If the NH3 is vented to the outside due to an incident, however, the substance takes on its gaseous form and is extremely corrosive and capable of causing chemical burns.
The link below is additional research on how large refrigeration systems operate.
Write a brief introduction for your PSM metrics program. The Program Introduction should include:
1. An explanation why, given some of the OSHA PSM requirements discussed in your readings, a PSM metrics program would be helpful to the organization. For instance, why would it be important to measure the efficacy of a company’s Process Hazard Analysis efforts?
2. A discussion of the history of PSM metrics programs.
3. How PSM metrics programs have been helpful to other organizations.
4. Finally, a short paragraph, brainstorming how you might measure whether the Process Hazard Analyses conducted for your facility is appropriate for the complexity of the systems.
Assume your target audience includes a skeptical executive who thinks process safety metrics is just the latest buzz word developed by safety people who are always increasing costs for the organization. Your job, by the end of the course, is to have written a convincing document demonstrating how a PSM program is helpful to the organization.
The Program Introduction should meet all of the following criteria:
1. APA style
2. Cover page containing title of the paper, your name, course number, running header, and date
3. Second page starting with the heading "Introduction."
4. (Optional) "References" section; to be included only if you have citations in the Program Introduction
5. 500 words, paying attention to grammar and spelling
References could be material from the reading assignment and/or any other resource(s) that support(s) your argument to implement a PSM metrics program.
Document #2 – 500 words
This section of the process safety metrics program includes Process Safety Management Metrics (PSMM), which discusses the importance of various metrics: lagging, near-miss, leading, activity, outcome, internal, external, absolute, and normalized.
Begin your PSMM section by considering your facility’s systems as they relate to process safety. Identify at least two ways to measure success for the overall PSM program and two or three specific metrics for at least five of the specific elements identified below, which are required by OSHA to be included in your PSM program. P
lease include Process Hazard Analysis, Operating Procedures, and Mechanical Integrity in your list of five elements. The other two elements to include are up to you to decide.
lease include Process Hazard Analysis, Operating Procedures, and Mechanical Integrity in your list of five elements. The other two elements to include are up to you to decide.
Remember, the compliance elements include:
• Process Safety Information
• Process Hazard Analysis
• Operating Procedures
• Employee Participation
• Training
• Initial Training
• Refresher Training
• Training Documentation
• Contractors
• Pre-Startup Safety Review
• Mechanical Integrity
• Hot Work Permit
• Management of Change
• Incident Investigation
• Emergency Planning and Response
• Compliance Audits
After you have identified ways of measuring your overall program and selected elements, identify whether you believe the metric would be classified as a lagging, near-miss, or leading metric. For example, a company might have an outside consultant review Process Hazard Analyses (PHA) to determine if the technique used is appropriate given the complexity of the system. This would be a metric in that the report would provide information by which to gage success. A company may look at near misses to determine whether operating procedures are appropriate and look at deficiencies in operating procedures to determine if the PHAs were thoroughly completed. A company may also look at near misses as they tie to other PSM elements, or at overall program audits by third parties to evaluate the program as a whole, including OSHA compliance inspections.
Make sure you provide a thorough explanation of your tentative metrics in narrative form that is easy to follow and your rationale can be easily understood by your professor.
Also, keep in mind that this is just a brainstorming exercise. In the following unit, you will be asked to re-evaluate your tentative list of metrics to assure your list is consistent with the strategy underlying your overall plan.
As you endeavor to demonstrate how a PSM program is helpful, keep in mind your target audience is skeptical about the value of a PSM program.
This assignment should include:
1. A table or other well-organized compilation of metrics that includes a means of measuring the efficacy of the overall PSM program and five of the individual elements.
2. A clear narrative explaining the metrics you are prescribing for measuring program efficacy.
3. Well thought material that is written in APA format.
4. A cover page containing title of the paper, your name, course number, running head, and date.
5. A second page with the heading Process Safety Management Metrics.
6. A reference section (written in APA format) if applicable.
7. 500 words.
References could be material from the reading assignment and/or any other resource(s) that support your argument to implement a PSM metrics program.
Document #3 – 500 words
Metrics Strategy
The next addition to the PSM Metrics Program is the Metrics Strategy. Here, you want to discuss the goals, objectives, and the reasons for selecting the metrics you plan to present as they relate to the strategy behind your proposed Metrics Program. Begin the assignment with a one-paragraph introduction about the Metrics Strategy. An overall metrics strategy, for instance, may include; improving measurement of PSM program effectiveness to provide needed measures to ensure incidents are kept to a minimum so as to restrain costs and enhance stakeholder relations.
This may be a very useful strategy for a large refrigerated storage facility that has had some mishaps in the past couple of years, which ul
timately, results in bad press and employees getting sent to the hospital for Ammonia chemical burns. It costs a lot of money to evacuate a facility, and maintaining a good standing in the community is very important.
timately, results in bad press and employees getting sent to the hospital for Ammonia chemical burns. It costs a lot of money to evacuate a facility, and maintaining a good standing in the community is very important.
Follow the introduction with the three main sections: goals, objectives, and your metrics selection. Once your strategy is complete, you will need to identify goals consistent with your Metrics Program strategy. Make sure you also discuss the rationale for each goal you select as it relates to the overall strategy statement for the Metrics Program. For instance, the goals section should list the goals, and then discuss how each goal is important to the organization and how and why each goal is consistent with the Metrics Program strategy.
One process safety metrics goal consistent with the strategy statement summarized above, for instance, might include; identify overall PSM program costs as compared to benefits. Our metrics, in the present case, would want to focus on measuring the costs and benefits of the various program elements. An objective might be; quantify all outside contractor expenses related to PSM. Another might be; quantify internal labor costs related to PSM program administration However, it is likely there would have to be quite a few other objectives in order to actually get an estimate of overall costs and benefits for an entire PSM program. This overall effort would be a formidable undertaking.
Finally, identify and describe metrics that would be consistent with your goals and objectives. You had some practice brainstorming some metrics in the previous unit concerning whether the metric was lagging, leading, outcome, and so on. Here, however, you will need to focus more on your strategy, goals, and objectives to identify appropriate metrics.
Your metrics may be at the overall program level or specific to individual program elements. For instance, if your strategy focuses on reigning in contractors during outages at a large chemical plant, you would want to focus on the contractor requirements of the PSM standard. If your strategy includes a focus on mechanical integrity, you would obviously focus on that part of the standard. Make sure you can measure your objectives. If your strategy focuses more on establishing a facility culture that embraces safety and, more specifically, process safety as a core value, your goals, objectives, and metrics may be more focused on the overall program. This will help reassure top management that commitment, employee involvement, hazard analysis and control, employee training, and other related elements are being measured as they relate to process safety.
As you endeavor to demonstrate how a PSM program is helpful, keep in mind your target audience is skeptical about the value of a PSM program.
This assignment should meet all of the following criteria:
1. Introduction to the Metrics Strategy assignment
2. Goals listed
3. Discussion about the goals
4. Objectives listed
5. Discussion about the objectives
6. Metrics Selection listed
7. Discussion about the metrics selection
8. APA style
9. Cover page containing title of the paper, your name, course number, running head, and date
10. Second page starts with the heading Metrics Strategy
11. Reference section (if applicable) written in APA format
12. 500 words
Document #4 – 300 words
Metrics Implementation Milestone Chart
This section of the program includes a Metrics Implementation Milestone Chart. Think of as many activities as possible for the chart that are applicable to your organization. You could have anywhere from 10 to 100 activities. A small number, such as 10, may not adequately address future needs, so a minimum of 15 may be more reasonable.
As you endeavor to demonstrate how a PSM program is helpful, keep in mind your target audience is skeptical about the value of a PSM program.
This assignment should contain:
1. A minimum of 15 items, activities, or events within the milestone chart.
2. A narrative that explains the milestone chart items, dependencies, and if they should be completed in order. The narrative should be 300 words.
3. Material written in APA format.
4. A cover page containing title of the paper, your name, course number, running header, and date.
5. A second page containing the heading Metrics Implementation Management Chart.
6. Include a paragraph introduction before presenting your milestones chart. Include additional text as needed to further describe your chart.
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