1. To be considered true research, a project must:A. gather together a
body of existing information and communicate it in a clear and concise
way.B.uncover obscure or esoteric information and bring it to the
consideration of the broader research community.C. gather and interpret
information in a systematic fashion so as to increase understanding of
some phenomenon.D.produce definitive conclusions regarding the subject
of study.
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2. Which of the following examples illustrates research as it is described in your textbook?
Sally
is writing a paper about the effects of the Harry Potter books on the
reading habits of fourth graders in the United States and United
Kingdom. She goes to a research library to find information to include
in her paper.Ian wants to know why the population of songbirds has
declined in recent years in the Sutton Wilderness Area. He carefully
collects soil and water samples, systematically surveys the entire area
for predators, and then sits down to make sense of his findings.Leonard
is starting a woodworking business and is not sure how to calculate the
cost of his labor so he can be both profitable and fair to the
customers. He asks several established business owners how they
calculate labor changes.Bill is doing a report on the sonnets of
Shakespeare. He carefully reads a number of sonnets and then carefully
reads scholarly reviews of those same sonnets written by various
Shakespeare scholars. He synthesizes all of this information in his
report.
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3. Research is considered cyclical because:the
researcher articulates the goals of the project and then collects data
to solve a particular problem.questions lead to data collection which
leads to interpretations and then to new problems.it has a number of
steps that should be followed in order.it is based on solving problems
and subproblems in a systematic, unbiased way.
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4. Cameron
is conducting a study that addresses the differences in achievement
scores between schools that use block scheduling and schools that use a
traditional scheduling format. He has accessed average achievement
scores for 1200 schools and now is comparing the two groups. In which
research step is Cameron engaged?Recognize and identify a
problemInterpret the meaning of the dataAnalyze the collected
dataDevelop a specific plan to address the problem
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5.
Which of the following is most likely a statement made by a qualitative
researcher?I would like to interview a few of the participants to
understand their training.I would like to give participants a test to
determine their skill level.I would like to use teacher ratings to see
if the program worked.I would like to control which students get the
training so we can compare groups of children that did and did not get
training.
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6. Which of the following is most likely a
statement made by a quantitative researcher?Let's follow the groups for
the course of the project and take notes about their social interactions
and dialogues.Let's conduct some focus groups with college students
about the types of cooperative learning they have encountered in their
schooling.Let's compare unit test scores of those who were placed in
cooperative groups and those who were not.Let's enroll in a course that
uses cooperative groups and observe the nature of the instruction from a
student perspective.
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7. The philosophical assumption
that objective scientific research can uncover true cause-and-effect
relationships in the world is known
as:empiricismpositivismexperimentationrealism
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8.
Qualitative researchers most commonly (but not exclusively) align with
which of the following philosophical approaches to
research?positivismpostpositivismconstructivismempiricism9. A specific
mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect, manipulate, or
interpret data is known as a:research tool.research method.statistical
test.theory.
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10. Research methodology refers to:the
general approach the researcher takes to conducting a research project.a
specific device the researcher uses to collect data.the specific
theoretical basis of the research project.the statistical tests to be
employed in a research project.
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11. The primary purpose
of inferential statistics is to:organize and summarize the data.turn
qualitative data into meaningful numbers that can be interpreted.measure
social and psychological phenomena in an unbiased way.help the
researcher draw conclusions from the data.12. Kade has spent the past
month carefully observing a group of third graders on the playground
during recess, taking note of how the students interact with one
another. On the basis of these observations, Kade is drawing conclusions
about the interaction styles of boys and girls. This is an example
of:theory building.deductive reasoning.inductive reasoning.the
scientific method.13. Kimberly knows that teenagers often do not make
good decisions in areas where they have little knowledge. She also knows
that most teens have little knowledge about human sexuality. Therefore,
Kimberly believes that teens are likely to make poor decisions about
sexual activity. This is an example of:inductive reasoning.theory
building.problem solving.deductive logic.
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14. Having
completed a series of studies for her dissertation, Marianela sits down
to brainstorm about possible explanations for her key findings. She can
see a variety of ways in which all data work together, and she prepares
to write a final chapter in which she presents those ideas. We would
most likely say Marianela is engaged in the process of:science.theory
building.constructivism.deductive reasoning.
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15. The
primary reason to seek research articles published in academic journals,
rather than those posted by the author on the Internet, is that:they
have been carefully selected after an extensive review by experts.they
are more likely to follow the scientific method.they tend to focus on
the most important topics in the field.they are more objective and show
fewer pitfalls in human reasoning.
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